网络对齐（NA）是在不同网络上发现节点对应关系的任务。尽管NA方法在无数场景中取得了巨大的成功，但它们的令人满意的性能并非没有先前的锚链接信息和/或节点属性，这可能并不总是可用。在本文中，我们提出了一种使用节点属性增强的新型NA方法的Grad-Align+，对于没有此类其他信息，它非常健壮。 Grad-Align+建立在最近的最新NA方法（所谓的Grad-Align）上，该方法逐渐发现了节点对的一部分，直到找到所有节点对。具体而言，grad Align+由以下关键组成组成：1）基于节点的中心度度量的增强节点属性，2）计算从图神经网络中提取的嵌入相似性矩阵，并在该图中提取了增强节点属性，并在其中进食增强的节点属性和3）通过计算相对于对齐的跨网络邻域对，逐渐发现节点对。实验结果表明，Grad-Align+具有（a）优于基准NA方法的优势，（b）我们理论发现的经验验证，以及（c）我们属性增强模块的有效性。

社交网络中社区结构的发现已成为各种网络分析任务的基本问题。但是，由于隐私问题或访问限制，网络结构通常是未知的，从而使既定的社区检测方法无效而没有昂贵的数据获取。为了应对这一挑战，我们提出了元代码，这是一种新型的端到端解决方案，用于通过易于收集的节点元数据在探索性学习的帮助下检测具有未知拓扑的网络中的重叠社区。具体而言，元代码由三个步骤组成：1）初始网络推断，2）基于图形神经网络（GNNS）的节点级别的社区 - 结合嵌入，该网络（GNNS）受我们的新重建损失培训，以及3）通过社区处理 - 基于节点查询，其中步骤2和3进行迭代执行。实验结果表明，元代码表现出（a）比基准方法优于重叠的社区检测，（b）我们训练模型的有效性以及（c）快速网络探索。

在影响最大化（IM）的现实世界应用中，网络结构通常是未知的。因此，我们可以通过仅探索基础网络的一部分来确定最有影响力的种子节点，但对于节点查询的预算很小。由于收集节点元数据比通过查询节点调查节点之间的关系更具成本效益，我们提出了IM-Meta，这是一种端到端的解决方案，这是通过从查询和节点中检索信息的网络中IM的端到端解决方案元数据。但是，由于元数据的嘈杂性质和连通性推断的不确定性，使用这种元数据来帮助IM过程并非没有风险。为了应对这些挑战，我们制定了一个新的IM问题，旨在找到种子节点和查询节点。在IM-META中，我们开发了一种有效的方法，该方法可以迭代执行三个步骤：1）我们通过暹罗神经网络模型学习了收集的元数据和边缘之间的关系，2）我们选择了许多推断的自信边缘来构建增强的图形， 3）我们通过使用我们的拓扑感知的排名策略来最大程度地提高推断影响扩展，以确定查询的下一个节点。通过查询仅5％的节点，IM-META达到了上限性能的93％。

Understanding the informative structures of scenes is essential for low-level vision tasks. Unfortunately, it is difficult to obtain a concrete visual definition of the informative structures because influences of visual features are task-specific. In this paper, we propose a single general neural network architecture for extracting task-specific structure guidance for scenes. To do this, we first analyze traditional spectral clustering methods, which computes a set of eigenvectors to model a segmented graph forming small compact structures on image domains. We then unfold the traditional graph-partitioning problem into a learnable network, named \textit{Scene Structure Guidance Network (SSGNet)}, to represent the task-specific informative structures. The SSGNet yields a set of coefficients of eigenvectors that produces explicit feature representations of image structures. In addition, our SSGNet is light-weight ($\sim$ 55K parameters), and can be used as a plug-and-play module for off-the-shelf architectures. We optimize the SSGNet without any supervision by proposing two novel training losses that enforce task-specific scene structure generation during training. Our main contribution is to show that such a simple network can achieve state-of-the-art results for several low-level vision applications including joint upsampling and image denoising. We also demonstrate that our SSGNet generalizes well on unseen datasets, compared to existing methods which use structural embedding frameworks. Our source codes are available at https://github.com/jsshin98/SSGNet.

In many domains such as transportation and logistics, search and rescue, or cooperative surveillance, tasks are pending to be allocated with the consideration of possible execution uncertainties. Existing task coordination algorithms either ignore the stochastic process or suffer from the computational intensity. Taking advantage of the weakly coupled feature of the problem and the opportunity for coordination in advance, we propose a decentralized auction-based coordination strategy using a newly formulated score function which is generated by forming the problem into task-constrained Markov decision processes (MDPs). The proposed method guarantees convergence and at least 50% optimality in the premise of a submodular reward function. Furthermore, for the implementation on large-scale applications, an approximate variant of the proposed method, namely Deep Auction, is also suggested with the use of neural networks, which is evasive of the troublesome for constructing MDPs. Inspired by the well-known actor-critic architecture, two Transformers are used to map observations to action probabilities and cumulative rewards respectively. Finally, we demonstrate the performance of the two proposed approaches in the context of drone deliveries, where the stochastic planning for the drone league is cast into a stochastic price-collecting Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) with time windows. Simulation results are compared with state-of-the-art methods in terms of solution quality, planning efficiency and scalability.

In robotics and computer vision communities, extensive studies have been widely conducted regarding surveillance tasks, including human detection, tracking, and motion recognition with a camera. Additionally, deep learning algorithms are widely utilized in the aforementioned tasks as in other computer vision tasks. Existing public datasets are insufficient to develop learning-based methods that handle various surveillance for outdoor and extreme situations such as harsh weather and low illuminance conditions. Therefore, we introduce a new large-scale outdoor surveillance dataset named eXtremely large-scale Multi-modAl Sensor dataset (X-MAS) containing more than 500,000 image pairs and the first-person view data annotated by well-trained annotators. Moreover, a single pair contains multi-modal data (e.g. an IR image, an RGB image, a thermal image, a depth image, and a LiDAR scan). This is the first large-scale first-person view outdoor multi-modal dataset focusing on surveillance tasks to the best of our knowledge. We present an overview of the proposed dataset with statistics and present methods of exploiting our dataset with deep learning-based algorithms. The latest information on the dataset and our study are available at https://github.com/lge-robot-navi, and the dataset will be available for download through a server.

Task-oriented dialogue systems often assist users with personal or confidential matters. For this reason, the developers of such a system are generally prohibited from observing actual usage. So how can they know where the system is failing and needs more training data or new functionality? In this work, we study ways in which realistic user utterances can be generated synthetically, to help increase the linguistic and functional coverage of the system, without compromising the privacy of actual users. To this end, we propose a two-stage Differentially Private (DP) generation method which first generates latent semantic parses, and then generates utterances based on the parses. Our proposed approach improves MAUVE by 3.8$\times$ and parse tree node-type overlap by 1.4$\times$ relative to current approaches for private synthetic data generation, improving both on fluency and semantic coverage. We further validate our approach on a realistic domain adaptation task of adding new functionality from private user data to a semantic parser, and show gains of 1.3$\times$ on its accuracy with the new feature.

Task-oriented dialogue (TOD) systems are mainly based on the slot-filling-based TOD (SF-TOD) framework, in which dialogues are broken down into smaller, controllable units (i.e., slots) to fulfill a specific task. A series of approaches based on this framework achieved remarkable success on various TOD benchmarks. However, we argue that the current TOD benchmarks are limited to surrogate real-world scenarios and that the current TOD models are still a long way from unraveling the scenarios. In this position paper, we first identify current status and limitations of SF-TOD systems. After that, we explore the WebTOD framework, the alternative direction for building a scalable TOD system when a web/mobile interface is available. In WebTOD, the dialogue system learns how to understand the web/mobile interface that the human agent interacts with, powered by a large-scale language model.

Any classifier can be "smoothed out" under Gaussian noise to build a new classifier that is provably robust to $\ell_2$-adversarial perturbations, viz., by averaging its predictions over the noise via randomized smoothing. Under the smoothed classifiers, the fundamental trade-off between accuracy and (adversarial) robustness has been well evidenced in the literature: i.e., increasing the robustness of a classifier for an input can be at the expense of decreased accuracy for some other inputs. In this paper, we propose a simple training method leveraging this trade-off to obtain robust smoothed classifiers, in particular, through a sample-wise control of robustness over the training samples. We make this control feasible by using "accuracy under Gaussian noise" as an easy-to-compute proxy of adversarial robustness for an input. Specifically, we differentiate the training objective depending on this proxy to filter out samples that are unlikely to benefit from the worst-case (adversarial) objective. Our experiments show that the proposed method, despite its simplicity, consistently exhibits improved certified robustness upon state-of-the-art training methods. Somewhat surprisingly, we find these improvements persist even for other notions of robustness, e.g., to various types of common corruptions.

Test-time adaptation (TTA) has attracted significant attention due to its practical properties which enable the adaptation of a pre-trained model to a new domain with only target dataset during the inference stage. Prior works on TTA assume that the target dataset comes from the same distribution and thus constitutes a single homogeneous domain. In practice, however, the target domain can contain multiple homogeneous domains which are sufficiently distinctive from each other and those multiple domains might occur cyclically. Our preliminary investigation shows that domain-specific TTA outperforms vanilla TTA treating compound domain (CD) as a single one. However, domain labels are not available for CD, which makes domain-specific TTA not practicable. To this end, we propose an online clustering algorithm for finding pseudo-domain labels to obtain similar benefits as domain-specific configuration and accumulating knowledge of cyclic domains effectively. Moreover, we observe that there is a significant discrepancy in terms of prediction quality among samples, especially in the CD context. This further motivates us to boost its performance with gradient denoising by considering the image-wise similarity with the source distribution. Overall, the key contribution of our work lies in proposing a highly significant new task compound domain test-time adaptation (CD-TTA) on semantic segmentation as well as providing a strong baseline to facilitate future works to benchmark.